Send Email From Azure Databricks With Python

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Send Email from Azure Databricks with Python

Sending emails directly from your Azure Databricks notebooks using Python can be incredibly useful for various scenarios. Think about it: automated reports, alerts on job completion, or even sharing results with your team. This comprehensive guide will walk you through the process step by step, ensuring you can seamlessly integrate email functionality into your Databricks workflows. So, let's dive in and get those emails flying!

Prerequisites

Before we get started, let's make sure you have everything you need:

  • Azure Databricks Workspace: You'll need access to an Azure Databricks workspace. If you don't have one already, you can create one through the Azure portal.
  • Python: Basic familiarity with Python is essential, as we'll be using Python code to send emails.
  • SMTP Server Details: You'll need the details of an SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) server. This includes the server address, port, and credentials (username and password). You can use services like Gmail, Outlook, or your organization's SMTP server. For Gmail, you might need to configure "less secure app access" or use an App Password.

Setting Up Your Databricks Notebook

  1. Create a New Notebook: In your Azure Databricks workspace, create a new notebook. Choose Python as the language.
  2. Install Required Libraries: We'll be using the smtplib and email libraries, which are usually included in standard Python installations. However, if you encounter any issues, you can install them using %pip install smtplib email in a notebook cell. This command ensures that the necessary libraries are available for your notebook to use. It's always a good practice to verify that your environment has the required dependencies before running your code.

Writing the Python Code to Send Emails

Now, let's get to the core of the process: writing the Python code to send emails. We'll break this down into manageable chunks.

Importing Libraries

First, import the necessary libraries:

import smtplib
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
  • smtplib: This library is used for sending emails using the SMTP protocol.
  • email.mime.text: This module helps in creating the body of the email as plain text or HTML.
  • email.mime.multipart: This module allows you to create emails with multiple parts, such as text and attachments.

Configuring SMTP Server Details

Next, configure the SMTP server details. Replace the placeholders with your actual SMTP server information.

# SMTP server details
smtp_server = 'smtp.gmail.com'  # e.g., 'smtp.gmail.com' or 'smtp.office365.com'
port = 587  # Common ports: 587 (STARTTLS), 465 (SSL)
sender_email = 'your_email@gmail.com'  # Your email address
password = 'your_password'  # Your email password or App Password
receiver_email = 'recipient_email@example.com'  # Recipient's email address
  • smtp_server: The address of your SMTP server. Common examples include 'smtp.gmail.com' for Gmail and 'smtp.office365.com' for Outlook.
  • port: The port number for the SMTP server. Common ports are 587 (for STARTTLS) and 465 (for SSL).
  • sender_email: Your email address, the one you'll be sending the email from.
  • password: Your email password. For Gmail, you might need to use an App Password if you have two-factor authentication enabled.
  • receiver_email: The email address of the person you want to send the email to.

Creating the Email Message

Now, let's create the email message using the MIMEMultipart class:

# Create the email message
message = MIMEMultipart()
message['From'] = sender_email
message['To'] = receiver_email
message['Subject'] = 'Hello from Azure Databricks!'

# Email body
body = 'This is a test email sent from Azure Databricks using Python.'
message.attach(MIMEText(body, 'plain'))  # or 'html'
  • MIMEMultipart(): Creates a new email message object that can contain multiple parts (e.g., text, HTML, attachments).
  • message['From']: Sets the sender's email address.
  • message['To']: Sets the recipient's email address.
  • message['Subject']: Sets the subject of the email.
  • body: The content of the email. You can use plain text or HTML.
  • message.attach(MIMEText(body, 'plain')): Attaches the body to the email message. The second argument specifies the format ('plain' or 'html').

Sending the Email

Finally, let's send the email using the smtplib library:

# Send the email
try:
    server = smtplib.SMTP(smtp_server, port)
    server.starttls()  # Upgrade the connection to secure
    server.login(sender_email, password)
    text = message.as_string()
    server.sendmail(sender_email, receiver_email, text)
    print('Email sent successfully!')
except Exception as e:
    print(f'Error sending email: {e}')
finally:
    server.quit()
  • smtplib.SMTP(smtp_server, port): Creates an SMTP connection to the specified server and port.
  • server.starttls(): Initiates TLS (Transport Layer Security) encryption for a secure connection. This is important for protecting your email credentials.
  • server.login(sender_email, password): Logs in to the SMTP server using your email address and password.
  • text = message.as_string(): Converts the email message to a string format that can be sent over the network.
  • server.sendmail(sender_email, receiver_email, text): Sends the email from the sender to the receiver.
  • server.quit(): Closes the connection to the SMTP server.

Complete Code

Here's the complete code for your convenience:

import smtplib
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart

# SMTP server details
smtp_server = 'smtp.gmail.com'
port = 587
sender_email = 'your_email@gmail.com'
password = 'your_password'
receiver_email = 'recipient_email@example.com'

# Create the email message
message = MIMEMultipart()
message['From'] = sender_email
message['To'] = receiver_email
message['Subject'] = 'Hello from Azure Databricks!'

# Email body
body = 'This is a test email sent from Azure Databricks using Python.'
message.attach(MIMEText(body, 'plain'))

# Send the email
try:
    server = smtplib.SMTP(smtp_server, port)
    server.starttls()
    server.login(sender_email, password)
    text = message.as_string()
    server.sendmail(sender_email, receiver_email, text)
    print('Email sent successfully!')
except Exception as e:
    print(f'Error sending email: {e}')
finally:
    server.quit()

Running the Code

Copy and paste the complete code into a cell in your Databricks notebook. Make sure to replace the placeholder values with your actual SMTP server details and email addresses. Run the cell. If everything is configured correctly, you should see the message "Email sent successfully!" in the output. Also, check the recipient's email inbox to confirm that the email was received.

Handling Attachments

To send emails with attachments, you'll need to modify the code slightly. Here’s how you can do it:

Importing Additional Libraries

Import the email.mime.base and email.encoders libraries:

from email.mime.base import MIMEBase
from email import encoders
  • email.mime.base: This module is the base class for MIME (Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions) objects.
  • email.encoders: This module provides encoders for converting content to different formats.

Adding Attachment to the Email

Add the following code to attach a file to the email:

# Attachment file
filename = 'path/to/your/file.txt'  # Replace with your file path

# Open and read the file in binary mode
with open(filename, 'rb') as attachment:
    part = MIMEBase('application', 'octet-stream')
    part.set_payload(attachment.read())

# Encode the file
encoders.encode_base64(part)

# Add header as key/value pair to attachment part
part.add_header('Content-Disposition', f'attachment; filename= {filename}')

# Add attachment to message and convert message to string
message.attach(part)
text = message.as_string()
  • filename: The path to the file you want to attach. Replace 'path/to/your/file.txt' with the actual path to your file.
  • open(filename, 'rb'): Opens the file in binary read mode.
  • MIMEBase('application', 'octet-stream'): Creates a MIMEBase object for the attachment.
  • part.set_payload(attachment.read()): Reads the file content and sets it as the payload of the attachment.
  • encoders.encode_base64(part): Encodes the attachment using Base64 encoding.
  • part.add_header('Content-Disposition', f'attachment; filename= {filename}'): Adds a header to the attachment specifying the filename.
  • message.attach(part): Attaches the part to the email.

Complete Code with Attachment

Here’s the complete code with attachment support:

import smtplib
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.mime.base import MIMEBase
from email import encoders

# SMTP server details
smtp_server = 'smtp.gmail.com'
port = 587
sender_email = 'your_email@gmail.com'
password = 'your_password'
receiver_email = 'recipient_email@example.com'

# Create the email message
message = MIMEMultipart()
message['From'] = sender_email
message['To'] = receiver_email
message['Subject'] = 'Hello from Azure Databricks with Attachment!'

# Email body
body = 'This is a test email with attachment sent from Azure Databricks using Python.'
message.attach(MIMEText(body, 'plain'))

# Attachment file
filename = 'path/to/your/file.txt'

# Open and read the file in binary mode
with open(filename, 'rb') as attachment:
    part = MIMEBase('application', 'octet-stream')
    part.set_payload(attachment.read())

# Encode the file
encoders.encode_base64(part)

# Add header as key/value pair to attachment part
part.add_header('Content-Disposition', f'attachment; filename= {filename}')

# Add attachment to message and convert message to string
message.attach(part)
text = message.as_string()

# Send the email
try:
    server = smtplib.SMTP(smtp_server, port)
    server.starttls()
    server.login(sender_email, password)
    server.sendmail(sender_email, receiver_email, text)
    print('Email sent successfully!')
except Exception as e:
    print(f'Error sending email: {e}')
finally:
    server.quit()

Security Considerations

  • Password Security: Avoid hardcoding your actual email password in the notebook. Instead, use Azure Key Vault to securely store your credentials and retrieve them in your Databricks notebook. This is crucial for preventing unauthorized access to your email account.
  • App Passwords: If you're using Gmail and have two-factor authentication enabled, use an App Password instead of your main password. This limits the scope of access and enhances security.
  • Rate Limiting: Be mindful of the sending limits imposed by your SMTP server provider. Exceeding these limits can lead to your account being blocked.

Troubleshooting

  • Authentication Issues: If you encounter authentication errors, double-check your email address and password. Ensure that you've enabled "less secure app access" in your Gmail settings or are using an App Password.
  • Connection Issues: If you're unable to connect to the SMTP server, verify the server address and port number. Also, ensure that your Databricks workspace has network access to the SMTP server.
  • Firewall Issues: Firewalls can sometimes block outgoing connections to SMTP servers. Ensure that your firewall allows traffic on the required port (e.g., 587 for STARTTLS).

Conclusion

Sending emails from Azure Databricks notebooks using Python is a powerful way to automate notifications and share insights. By following this guide, you can easily integrate email functionality into your Databricks workflows. Remember to handle your credentials securely and be mindful of sending limits. Happy emailing, folks! This will surely improve the efficiency of your workflows and allow for seamless sharing of information.